React Native学习之物理back键详解
基本使用
在前文代码的基础上,分析路由栈的结构:Home -> Gouwu
栈:先进后出,后进先出
点击返回键返回上一级页面关键代码:
componentWillMount() {
if (Platform.OS === 'android') {
BackAndroid.addEventListener('hardwareBackPress', this.onBackAndroid);
}
}
componentWillUnmount() {
if (Platform.OS === 'android') {
BackAndroid.removeEventListener('hardwareBackPress', this.onBackAndroid);
}
}
onBackAndroid = () => {
const { navigator } = this.props;
const routers = navigator.getCurrentRoutes();
console.log('当前路由长度:'+routers.length);
if (routers.length > 1) {
navigator.pop();
return true; //接管默认行为
}
return false; //默认行为
};
需要注意的是,不论是bind方式还是箭头函数,每次被执行都返回的是一个新的函数引用,因此如果还需要使用函数的引用去做一些别的事情(譬如卸载监听器),那么必须手动保存这个引用。
// 错误的做法
class PauseMenu extends React.Component {
componentWillMount() {
AppStateIOS.addEventListener('change', this.onAppPaused.bind(this));
}
componentDidUnmount() {
AppStateIOS.removeEventListener('change', this.onAppPaused.bind(this));
}
onAppPaused(event) {
}
}
// 正确的做法1
class PauseMenu extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this._onAppPaused = this.onAppPaused.bind(this);
}
componentWillMount() {
AppStateIOS.addEventListener('change', this._onAppPaused);
}
componentDidUnmount() {
AppStateIOS.removeEventListener('change', this._onAppPaused);
}
onAppPaused(event) {
}
}
// 正确的做法2
class PauseMenu extends React.Component{
componentWillMount() {
AppStateIOS.addEventListener('change', this.onAppPaused);
}
componentDidUnmount() {
AppStateIOS.removeEventListener('change', this.onAppPaused);
}
onAppPaused = (event) => {
//把方法直接作为一个arrow function的属性来定义,初始化的时候就绑定好了this指针
}
}
特别说明
- BackAndroid在iOS平台下是一个空实现,所以理论上不做这个
Platform.OS === 'android'
判断也是安全的。 - 如果所有事件监听函数中,没有任何一个返回真值,就会调用默认行为。
特别注意
无论在Home页面中调用,还是在Gouwu页面中调用“点击返回键返回上一级页面代码”,navigator是同一个,这个事件在最外层注册就行(不是initialRoute的组件,是AppRegistry的组件)。否则如果在Home页面和Gouwu页面分别调用,会导致调用多次pop,这个代码接管的是整个应用的后退键。
addEventListener()
第三个参数useCapture (Boolean)
详细解析:
- true 的触发顺序总是在 false 之前;
- 如果多个均为 true,则外层的触发先于内层;
- 如果多个均为 false,则内层的触发先于外层。
例子:“再按一次退出应用”
onBackAndroid = () => {
const navigator = this.refs.navigator;
const routers = navigator.getCurrentRoutes();
console.log('当前路由长度:' + routers.length);
if (routers.length > 1) {
navigator.pop();
return true; //接管默认行为
} else {
if (this.lastBackPressed && this.lastBackPressed + 2000 >= Date.now()) {
//最近2秒内按过back键,可以退出应用。
return false;
}
this.lastBackPressed = Date.now();
ToastAndroid.show('再按一次退出应用', ToastAndroid.SHORT);
return true;
}
return false; //默认行为
};
特殊监听事件
延时动作
我们在监听函数中不能决定是否要调用默认行为,要等待一个异步操作之后才调用默认行为,此时可以使用BackAndroid.exitApp()来退出应用,通过以下两种办法:
例子:在退出应用之前保存数据
写法1:
onBackAndroid = () => {
saveData().then(() => {
BackAndroid.exitApp();
});
return true;
}
在监听函数中,我们开始异步事件,并直接return true。此时默认行为不会被调用。当保存完毕后,我们调用exitApp(),触发默认行为,退出应用。
写法2:
onBackAndroid = async () => {
await saveData();
BackAndroid.exitApp();
}
这里我们用了async函数,async 函数总是返回一个Promise,Promise作为一个对象,也被认为是一个“真值”,所以这种情况下默认行为总是不会被调用。当保存完毕后,我们调用exitApp(),触发默认行为,退出应用。
多样动作
例子:根据当前界面决定作何动作
有时候我们有这样的需求:当用户处于某些界面下时,back键要做特殊的动作,如:提示用户是否要保存数据,或者解锁界面禁止back键返回等等。此时,最佳实践是在route或route中对应的Component上保存关于如何处理back键的信息:
onBackAndroid = () => {
const nav = this.navigator;
const routers = nav.getCurrentRoutes();
if (routers.length > 1) {
const top = routers[routers.length - 1];
if (top.ignoreBack || top.component.ignoreBack) {
// 路由或组件上决定这个界面忽略back键
return true;
}
const handleBack = top.handleBack || top.component.handleBack;
if (handleBack) {
// 路由或组件上决定这个界面自行处理back键
return handleBack();
}
// 默认行为:退出当前界面。
nav.pop();
return true;
}
return false;
};
全部代码:
/**
* Sample React Native App
* https://github.com/facebook/react-native
*/
import React, { Component } from 'react';
import {
AppRegistry,
StyleSheet,
Text,
Navigator,
ScrollView,
Image,
AsyncStorage,
TouchableOpacity,
View,
Platform,
BackAndroid,
ToastAndroid,
} from 'react-native';
import Dimensions from 'Dimensions';
const width = Dimensions.get('window').width;
const height = Dimensions.get('window').height;
const Model = [
{
id: '1',
title: '红心猕猴桃',
desc: '12个装70-90g/个',
price: 49,
url: 'http://note.youdao.com/yws/api/personal/file/62EAF0C6AC8142EA89B11A71BB6C8AEC?method=download&inline=true&shareKey=e6b1c5b1307f752c9e4925056a4facd9',
},
{
id: '2',
title: '红富士苹果',
desc: '5kg果径80-85mm',
price: 109,
url: 'http://note.youdao.com/yws/api/personal/file/E38B11859CB2496190BF5A559D9E68B5?method=download&inline=true&shareKey=1dabf3633a1051e9f5d2d7470fd91c0b',
},
{
id: '3',
title: '哈密瓜',
desc: '2个装1.4kg以上/个',
price: 42,
url: 'http://note.youdao.com/yws/api/personal/file/F443648C199346FDA7E48AE88D0D00A2?method=download&inline=true&shareKey=89fdcc577f98ecdddfcf03f575767381',
},
{
id: '4',
title: '青芒',
desc: '1kg500g以上/个',
price: 28,
url: 'http://note.youdao.com/yws/api/personal/file/8F7B83A47CA94435A2132DC0341AECC3?method=download&inline=true&shareKey=d679e8800b5678f9c673538b93dc0fbc',
},
{
id: '5',
title: '黑珍珠葡萄',
desc: '1kg装',
price: 32,
url: 'http://note.youdao.com/yws/api/personal/file/AF297F8C75714DE481E87C6F09D97649?method=download&inline=true&shareKey=8f89c3673e8851efb20abccce2214fbf',
},
{
id: '6',
title: '红心火龙果',
desc: '2.5kg装250-350g/个',
price: 59.9,
url: 'http://note.youdao.com/yws/api/personal/file/B67D0D453865459594C0FDC6CDE95A79?method=download&inline=true&shareKey=3bc5b3b1ee9f13e3a7ebdd251d117796',
},
];
class RNAPP extends Component {
render() {
let defaultName = 'Home';
let defaultComponent = Home;
return (
<Navigator
initialRoute = {{ name: defaultName, component: defaultComponent }}
ref = "navigator"
//配置场景
configureScene = {
(route) => {
//这个是页面之间跳转时候的动画,具体有哪些?可以看这个目录下,有源代码的: node_modules/react-native/Libraries/CustomComponents/Navigator/NavigatorSceneConfigs.js
return Navigator.SceneConfigs.VerticalDownSwipeJump;
}
}
renderScene = {
(route, navigator) => {
let Component = route.component;
return <Component {...route.params} navigator={navigator} />
}
}
/>
);
}
componentWillMount() {
if (Platform.OS === 'android') {
BackAndroid.addEventListener('hardwareBackPress', this.onBackAndroid);
//BackAndroid.addEventListener('hardwareBackPress', this.onBackAndroid, true);
}
}
componentWillUnmount() {
if (Platform.OS === 'android') {
BackAndroid.removeEventListener('hardwareBackPress', this.onBackAndroid);
}
}
onBackAndroid = () => {
const navigator = this.refs.navigator;
const routers = navigator.getCurrentRoutes();
console.log('当前路由长度:' + routers.length);
if (routers.length > 1) {
navigator.pop();
return true; //接管默认行为
} else {
if (this.lastBackPressed && this.lastBackPressed + 2000 >= Date.now()) {
//最近2秒内按过back键,可以退出应用。
return false;
}
this.lastBackPressed = Date.now();
ToastAndroid.show('再按一次退出应用', ToastAndroid.SHORT);
return true;
}
return false; //默认行为
};
}
class Home extends Component {
render() {
return (
<List navigator={this.props.navigator} />
);
}
}
class Item extends Component {
static defaultProps = {
url: '',
title: '默认标题',
};
static propTypes = {
url: React.PropTypes.string.isRequired,
title: React.PropTypes.string.isRequired,
};
render() {
return (
<View style={styles.item}>
<TouchableOpacity onPress={this.props.press}>
<Image
resizeMode='stretch'
style={styles.img}
source={{ uri: this.props.url }}
>
<Text numberOfLines={1} style={styles.item_text}>{this.props.title}</Text>
</Image>
</TouchableOpacity>
</View>
);
}
}
class List extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
count: 0,
};
}
render() {
let list = [];
for (let i in Model) {
if (i % 2 === 0) {
//两个等号:不判断类型
//三个等号:判断类型
let row = (
<View style={styles.row} key={i}>
<Item
title={Model[i].title}
url={Model[i].url}
press={this.press.bind(this, Model[i]) }
>
</Item>
<Item
title={Model[parseInt(i) + 1].title}
url={Model[parseInt(i) + 1].url}
press={this.press.bind(this, Model[parseInt(i) + 1]) }
>
</Item>
</View>
);
list.push(row);
}
}
let count = this.state.count;
let str = null;
if (count) {
str = ', 共' + count + '件商品';
}
console.log('count=' + count);
return (
<ScrollView style={{ marginTop: 10 }}>
{list}
<Text onPress={this.goGouWu.bind(this) } style={styles.btn}>去结算{str}</Text>
</ScrollView>
);
}
goGouWu() {
//alert('点击了去购物车');
const { navigator } = this.props;
//为什么这里可以取得 props.navigator?请看上文:
//<Component {...route.params} navigator={navigator} />
//这里传递了navigator作为props
const _that = this;
if (navigator) {
navigator.push({
name: 'GouWu',
component: GouWu,
params:{
getCount: function(count) {
_that.setState({
count: count,
});
console.log('参数传回');
},
},
})
}
}
press(data) {
this.setState({
count: this.state.count + 1,
});
//AsyncStorage异步存储
AsyncStorage.setItem('SP-' + this.genId() + '-SP', JSON.stringify(data), function (err) {
if (err) {
//TODO:存储出错
alert(err);
} else {
//alert('保存成功');
}
});
}
//生成随机ID:GUID 全局唯一标识符(GUID,Globally Unique Identifier)是一种由算法生成的二进制长度为128位的数字标识符
//GUID生成的代码来自于Stoyan Stefanov
genId() {
return 'xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx'.replace(/[xy]/g, function(c) {
let r = Math.random()*16|0, v = c == 'x' ? r : (r&0x3|0x8);
return v.toString(16);
}).toUpperCase();
}
componentDidMount() {
let _that = this;
AsyncStorage.getAllKeys(
function (err, keys) {
if (err) {
//TODO:存储取数据出错
//给用户提示错误信息
console.log(err);
} else {
console.log('读取成功的个数:'+keys.toString());
}
_that.setState({
count: keys.length,
});
}
);
}
}
class GouWu extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
price: 0,
data: [],
};
}
render() {
//第二次render的时候 data不为空
let data = this.state.data;
let price = this.state.price;
let list = [];
for (let i in data) {
price += parseFloat(data[i].price);
list.push(
<View style={[styles.row, styles.list_item]} key={i}>
<Text style={styles.list_item_desc}>
{data[i].title}
{data[i].desc}
</Text>
<Text style={styles.list_item_price}>人民币: {data[i].price}</Text>
</View>
);
}
let str = null;
if (price) {
str = ', 共' + price.toFixed(2) + '元';
}
return (
<ScrollView style={{ marginTop: 10 }}>
{list}
<Text style={styles.btn} onPress={this.paySuccess.bind(this)} >支付{str}</Text>
<Text style={styles.clear} onPress={this.clearStorage.bind(this) }>清空购物车</Text>
</ScrollView>
);
}
componentDidMount() {
let _that = this;
AsyncStorage.getAllKeys(
function (err, keys) {
if (err) {
//TODO 存储数据出错
return;
}
//keys是字符串数组
AsyncStorage.multiGet(keys, function (err, result) {
//得到的结构是二维数组
//result[i][0]表示我们存储的键,result[i][1]表示我们存储的值
let arr = [];
for (let i in result) {
arr.push(JSON.parse(result[i][1]));
}
_that.setState({
data: arr,
});
});
}
);
}
paySuccess() {
var _that = this;
AsyncStorage.clear(function(err){
if (!err) {
_that.setState({
data: [],
price: 0,
});
const { navigator } = _that.props;
if (_that.props.getCount) {
_that.props.getCount(0);
}
alert("支付成功!")
if (navigator) {
navigator.pop();
}
//_that.props.navigator.pop();
}
});
}
clearStorage() {
let _that = this;
AsyncStorage.clear(function (err) {
if (!err) {
_that.setState({
data: [],
price: 0,
});
alert('购物车已经清空');
}
});
}
}
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
list_item: {
marginLeft: 5,
marginRight: 5,
padding: 5,
borderWidth: 1,
height: 32,
borderRadius: 3,
borderColor: '#ddd',
},
list_item_desc: {
flex: 2,
fontSize: 15,
},
list_item_price: {
flex: 1,
fontSize: 15,
textAlign: 'right',
},
clear: {
marginTop: 10,
backgroundColor: '#FF7200',
color: '#fff',
borderWidth: 1,
borderColor: '#ddd',
marginLeft: 10,
marginRight: 10,
lineHeight: 24,
height: 33,
fontSize: 18,
textAlign: 'center',
textAlignVertical: 'center',
},
btn: {
flex: 1,
backgroundColor: '#FF7200',
height: 33,
textAlign: 'center',
textAlignVertical: 'center',
color: '#fff',
marginLeft: 10,
marginRight: 10,
lineHeight: 24,
marginTop: 40,
fontSize: 18,
},
row: {
flexDirection: 'row',
marginBottom: 10,
},
img: {
flex: 1,
backgroundColor: 'transparent',
},
item_text: {
backgroundColor: '#000',
opacity: 0.7,
color: '#fff',
height: 25,
lineHeight: 18,
textAlign: 'center',
marginTop: 94,
},
item: {
flex: 1,
marginLeft: 5,
borderWidth: 1,
borderColor: '#ddd',
marginRight: 5,
height: 120,
},
list: {
justifyContent: 'flex-start',
flexDirection: 'row',
flexWrap: 'wrap'
},
container: {
flex: 1,
},
listView: {
paddingTop: 20,
backgroundColor: '#F5FCFF',
},
thumbnail: {
width: 80,
height: 80,
borderRadius: 16,
},
//使rightContainer在父容器中占据Image之外剩下的全部空间
container1: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
title: {
fontSize: 14,
marginBottom: 8,
},
year: {
fontSize: 14,
},
});
AppRegistry.registerComponent('RNAPP', () => RNAPP);
版权声明:
作者:Joe.Ye
链接:https://www.appblog.cn/index.php/2023/02/25/react-native-learning-for-detailed-explanation-of-the-physical-back-key/
来源:APP全栈技术分享
文章版权归作者所有,未经允许请勿转载。
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